日本欧美一区二区三区不卡视频_亚洲欧美日韩中文字幕一区二区_日韩免费视频一区二区_欧美黑人粗大猛烈18p

Reflections on the Development of China's steel

Guangzhou Steel News: Reflections on the Development of China's steel

Guangzhou Steel Countermeasures

First, experience and enlightenment of developed countries. The developed countries have gone through a prefabricated steel and concrete structures in the construction of two roads in the process of industrialization, the development of China's industrialization prefabricated concrete building has accumulated some experience. Implications of these experiences and learn and summarize, will help us to think about the bottleneck problem and countermeasure development of steel, good for the development of China's steel building industrialization.

First British Steel development and experience. British construction steel industrial walked the road in this process, the development of steel structures British Steel Union played a key role in promoting the steel structure on the basis of education and research, engineering and industrial promotion policies have given great stand by. Currently, the UK is one of the highest worldwide market share of steel construction, the amount of concrete decreased year by year, it has become one of the lowest per capita cement consumption in developed countries, per capita cement consumption of less than 200 kg. And the UK more than 95% of construction steel is recycled. In recent years, prefabricated modular steel housing in the UK has also been a rapid development.

Throughout the United Kingdom and Japan, steel structure more countries and regions to promote strong steel production enterprises played a significant role. Previously, China's steel production enterprises lack like British Steel Union, as Nippon Steel attention to the promotion of applied research and engineering organizations and even rarely carry out exchanges and communication with the construction industry. Currently, Chongqing, started a pilot set up by the steel mills, led, construction, real estate, building materials enterprises to participate in leading enterprises or industry alliance, to carry out pilot projects to promote steel construction, which will be based on a good start.

Second, France and Singapore prefabricated concrete development and experience. In contrast with the UK, France, building industrialization is taking the road of prefabricated concrete. France has a long history of the development of concrete, the world's first reinforced concrete structure, the first concrete bridges have originated in France, the world's first prestressed concrete engineering practice also born in France. Construction began in France Industrialization 1950 to 1970, in the "first-generation industrial building" wave, the French completed a large-scale housing construction during this period there have been many are not mutually common building system. To solve this problem, founded in 1977, the French member Building Society (ACC), the development of general building system, to promote the "second generation of industrial buildings." In the meantime, the association developed a size harmonization of rules, the Ministry of Housing and promotion of "structural system", where the vast majority of precast concrete structural system. Since the 1980s, the French implementation of separation of components and parts production and construction, the development of common components and parts for the entire industry of commercial production, the completion of the prefabricated concrete building the road to industrialization.

Guangzhou Steel and prefabricated concrete structures are different forms of construction to achieve industrialization, industrialization Throughout the development of road construction in France, continuing the Government's guidance is an important reason for prefabricated concrete buildings have been promoted. Similarly, accounting for more than 70% of Singapore HDB flats are basically prefabricated concrete structure high-rise buildings. French architecture are generally multi-layered and seismic intensity is not big, but no earthquakes in Singapore; China's urban population density, building height generally larger, and most areas of seismic fortification intensity is higher. Therefore, China should exceed building the road of industrialization, the development of differentiation. In high-rise buildings and fortification in priority areas to promote the steel and composite structures, contrary fortification in low areas and multi-storey buildings can be developed prefabricated concrete structure, go hand in hand, to jointly promote the development of industrialized building.

Third Revelation Japanese bridge development. China's steel bridge bridge less than 1% of the total number, while Japan and China Taiwan and other countries (regions) due to the frequent earthquakes, the seismic performance of steel bridge better be widely applied. Furthermore, the construction of the steel bridge with faster erection speed, lower construction costs, the impact on residents' daily life is also smaller, and therefore, a large Japanese cities across the bridge and bridge the vast majority are used steel bridge. It should be noted that, compared with the concrete bridge, steel bridge noise and vibration problem more obvious, and need to continue to operate during maintenance. Therefore, the Japanese railway bridges are mostly prestressed concrete structure. To solve the high-speed railway vibration and noise, the number of new Shinkansen concrete bridges increased significantly. Difficulty in small rural conservation span bridges, the Japanese Ministry of Transport and precast concrete industrial cooperation, the successful launch of a standardized prefabricated concrete bridges currently span 21 meters precast concrete bridge within the first tensioned accounted for more than 97% of the total.

Guangzhou Steel News Japan's experience shows that the construction of bridges, prefabricated steel bridges and concrete bridges have their advantages and disadvantages and scope of application. In a small span, maintenance difficulties, or vibration and noise sensitive, the prefabricated concrete bridge has an advantage; in large-span, easy maintenance, vibration and noise controlled circumstances, steel bridges and bridge composite structure obvious advantages. I suggested that in long-span bridges, municipal bridge and pedestrian bridge, our country can promote and steel composite bridge.